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Urokinase is an enzyme protein isolated from the urine of healthy people or
obtained from human kidney tissue cultures. Urokinase can activate plasminogen
to plasminogen in vivo, thus hydrolyzing fibrin to dissolve freshly formed
thrombus. It is mainly used for thrombolytic therapy of thromboembolic diseases.
What are the precautions for the use of urokinase?
1. Urokinase can cause pinhole bleeding at the injection site, so puncture
and other operations should not be performed during medication.
2. Before use, bleeding time, partial thromboplastin production time,
prothrombin time, thrombin time, platelet count, hemoglobin, blood cell volume,
etc., should be detected to exclude bleeding constitution.
3. Urokinase is easy to decompose and reduce the effect in acidic medicine
solution, so the diluent used should be close to neutral. When diluted with
glucose injection, choose a product with a pH of 4.5 or greater.
4. Enough initial amount of urokinase must be given within a short time
(15-30min) to neutralize urokinase antibodies in the body. However, if the
initial dose is too large, the plasminogen library and coagulation factors Ⅰ, Pt
and Bt in vivo will be depleted and the effect of thrombolysis will be
affected.
5. Urokinase is only for intravenous injection and intracardiac injection,
and can not be intramuscular or local injection.
6. Urokinase solution must be prepared fresh before use and used with it.
Urokinase is dissolved in 5ml of sterilized water for injection (not dissolved
in other solutions). The resulting solution is allowed to be light straw yellow
(dark or insoluble should not be applied). When dissolving, the bottle should be
rotated gently, and do not shake vigorously (because it can produce insoluble
matter). The prepared liquid should be passed through 0.45μm terminal filter or
small celluloid filter to remove insoluble particles, and then diluted for
reserve according to the requirements of usage.
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