Chondroitin sulfate is a kind of glycosaminoglycan widely distributed in
the extracellular matrix and the cell surface of animal tissues. The
glycosaminoglycan chain is composed of glucuronic acid and
n-acetylgalactosamine, which is connected to the serine residue of the core
protein through a tetrasaccharide junction region.
Chondroitin sulfate has long been prescribed in Europe to treat
osteoarthritis. The European league against rheumatism (EULAR) recommended
chondroitin sulfate as A slow-acting drug for the treatment of osteoarthritis in
2003 on the basis of A large number of clinical studies and conclusions of
meta-analysis, and listed oral chondroitin sulfate as level 1A of evidence for
the treatment of knee osteoarthritis, with recommended strength A, which
represents the highest level of treatment strategy. Quality standards for
chondroitin sulfate have been included in the European pharmacopoeia since
version 5.6. Conte et al. found that an oral dose of 0.8 g per dose was more
effective than two doses of 0.4 g per day. Uebelhard on chondroitin sulfate in
the treatment of osteoarthritis 11 randomized controlled trial report for the
investigation and analysis, the conclusion is that long-term oral chondroitin
sulfate is a safe, good tolerance and can effectively control pain symptoms,
improve the ability of patients with knee arthritis activity, suggest that oral
chondroitin sulfate as the basis of knee osteoarthritis treatments.
In 1992, the us FDA approved Cosamin ® capsules, each containing 0.4g
chondroitin sulfate sodium and 0.5g glucosamine, as a dietary supplement for
relieving osteoarthritis. In 2000, the U.S. national institutes of health (NIH)
initiated the aminoglycan/chondroitin sulfate arthritis arbitration trial
(GAIT), which recruited 1,588 patients over a 5-year period. The results showed
that the aminoglycan/chondroitin sulfate complex was effective in patients with
moderate to severe knee arthritis pain.
In Australia, chondroitin sulfate products belong to the category of
nutrition and health care drugs, most of which are compound preparations made
with ammonia sugar, used for the prevention and treatment of osteoarthritis.
Brazilian drug regulator Anvisa has followed the example of Europe in
positioning chondroitin sulfate and ammonium as prescription drugs under the
major brands Condroflex ® and Artico ®. The Japanese ministry of health and
welfare positioned chondroitin sulfate and ammonium as pharmacodynamics
nutrition products, the Korean chondroitin sulfate and ammonia products as
prescription drugs, the Chinese pharmacopoeia and national drug standards accept
the pig source chondroitin sulfate and its preparation quality standards.
Chondroitin sulfate in the treatment of osteoarthritis pharmacodynamic
profiles for the mechanism of three aspects: (1) stimulation cartilage synthesis
and secretion of extracellular matrix components, such as collagen, Ⅱ
proteoglycans (chondroitin sulfate, hyaluronic acid); (2) inhibit and reduce
preinflammatory mediators and proteases, such as myeloperoxides, n-acetyl
glucosaminidase, collagenase, hyaluronidase, elastase, etc., reduce the process
of cell death, improve the extracellular matrix synthesis/decomposition balance;
Inhibit cartilage degradation.
Jasvinder a. schingh et al. analyzed 43 osteoarthritis trials involving
9,110 patients and showed that chondroitin sulfate (alone or in combination with
aminoglycan) was better than placebo in improving pain in patients with mild
osteoarthritis and had a lower risk of serious side effects.
Chondroitin sulfate, as a drug or nutritional dietary supplement for the
prevention and treatment of osteoarthritis, has been widely recognized at home
and abroad. Currently, China is a major producer and exporter of chondroitin
sulfate, with 80% of the world's chondroitin sulfate produced in China. Due to
the different quality and purity of chondroitin sulfate produced by different
sources and manufacturers, the therapeutic effect of chondroitin sulfate on
osteoarthritis is significantly different, which also leads to the persistent
doubts on the effect of chondroitin sulfate in recent years. As the largest
manufacturer of chondroitin sulfate and cartilage type II collagen in the world,
mattel technology (Qingdao) co., ltd. has always regarded product quality as the
life of the company and is committed to leading the healthy development of the
industry. In strengthening technology research and development and quality
management at the same time, also actively developing new raw material, rich in
chondroitin sulfate composition for different customers to provide more products
in the field of application of choice at the same time, to ensure that provide
the safe and effective products to final consumers, for healthy people and
patients with osteoarthritis provide the powerful guarantee of a happy life.